Definition

1. Noun:
   • Criminal, culprit: A person who has committed a crime or broken the law. This term is a formal and legal designation for an offender.
   • Prisoner, convict: Specifically refers to a person who is serving a sentence in prison for a crime they committed.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Phạm nhân đó đã thú nhận tội ác. (That criminal has confessed to the crime.)
  • Các phạm nhân trong trại giam được dạy nghề. (The prisoners in the detention camp are taught vocational skills.)
  • Tòa án đã tuyên án phạm nhân này 10 năm tù. (The court sentenced this convict to 10 years in prison.)

Advanced Usage

• "phạm nhân cải tạo": A prisoner undergoing rehabilitation or re-education.
  • Chương trình giúp phạm nhân cải tạo hòa nhập cộng đồng. (The program helps rehabilitated prisoners reintegrate into the community.)
• "phạm nhân chính trị": Political prisoner.
  • Ông ấy từng là một phạm nhân chính trị. (He was once a political prisoner.)

Variants and Related Words

• Tội phạm (noun): Criminal, offender. This is a more general term for a person who commits a crime.
  • Cảnh sát đang truy bắt tội phạm. (The police are hunting the criminal.)
• Can phạm (noun): Suspect, person involved in a crime. This term refers to a person suspected of or implicated in a crime.
  • Có ba can phạm bị bắt giữ. (Three suspects were arrested.)
• Phạm đồ (noun, literary): Criminal, wrongdoer. This is a classical or literary synonym.

Synonyms

• Kẻ phạm tội: Wrongdoer, offender.
• Người có tội: Guilty person.
• Tù nhân: Prisoner, inmate (focuses more on the incarcerated status).

Related Phrases

• Giam giữ phạm nhân: To detain/hold a prisoner.
  • Trung tâm này có nhiệm vụ giam giữ phạm nhân. (This center has the duty of detaining prisoners.)
• Quản lý phạm nhân: To manage/supervise prisoners.
  • Công tác quản lý phạm nhân rất phức tạp. (The work of managing prisoners is very complex.)

Related Idioms

(Note: There are few common idioms using the specific word "phạm nhân". The term is primarily used in formal, legal, and administrative contexts.) - "Phạm nhân trốn trại": Prison escapee. - Cảnh sát đang lùng bắt phạm nhân trốn trại. (The police are searching for the prison escapee.)

noun

1. criminal, culprit